Opencv пустой белый экран на Android APK Python, приложение kivy ⇐ Android

[Anonymous]

Я разрабатываю приложение для Android, которое использует алгоритмы обнаружения OpenCV для анализа изображений. В настоящее время я тестирую приложение с помощью эмулятора Android с эмулируемой камерой, поскольку у меня пока нет физического устройства для тестирования. Все остальные части приложения работают правильно, но я столкнулся с проблемой, из-за которой я не могу получить доступ к камере с помощью OpenCV.
Я пробовал использовать модуль камеры OpenCV, но постоянно получаю такие ошибки, как:
Error: Could not open OpenCV camera at index -1. Trying next index.
Error: Could not open any OpenCV camera.

Требуется ли какая-либо конкретная конфигурация или настройка для работы камеры OpenCV с эмулятором Android?
Я также рассматривал возможность использования Plyer для доступа к камеру, но я не уверен, совместима ли она с возможностями обработки изображений OpenCV. Будет ли использование Plyer подходящим решением в этом случае?
Буду очень благодарен за любую помощь!
Главное, что я пробовал, это пробовать разные варианты Идентификаторы cv2.VideoCapture, но ни один из них, похоже, не работает, а также различные конфигурации взаимодействия Python с файлом kivy.
**
файлrequirements.txt:
* *
appdirs==1.4.4
build==1.2.2.post1
buildozer==1.5.0
certifi==2024.8.30
charset-normalizer==3.4.0
colorama==0.4.6
Cython==3.0.11
distlib==0.3.9
docutils==0.21.2
filelock==3.16.1
idna==3.10
Jinja2==3.1.4
Kivy==2.3.0
Kivy-Garden==0.1.5
kivymd==1.1.1
MarkupSafe==3.0.2
numpy==2.1.3
opencv-python==4.10.0.84
packaging==24.2
pexpect==4.9.0
pillow==10.4.0
platformdirs==4.3.6
plyer==2.1.0
ptyprocess==0.7.0
Pygments==2.18.0
pyjnius==1.5.0
pyproject_hooks==1.2.0
python-for-android==2024.1.21
requests==2.32.3
sh==1.14.3
six==1.16.0
toml==0.10.2
urllib3==2.2.3
virtualenv==20.27.1

**
Функция камеры только для файлов Python:
**
import cv2

from kivy.app import App

from kivy.lang import Builder #building files correctly

from kivy.uix.button import Button #for the buttons

from kivy.uix.boxlayout import BoxLayout # for the layout (there are different types of layouts in kivy this is just the most basic one)

from kivy.uix.floatlayout import FloatLayout # for non dynamic layout so the buttons dont move for camera page

from kivy.uix.screenmanager import ScreenManager, Screen #for the screen manager to track which screen is being shown

from kivy.uix.label import Label # for the label like headers

from kivy.uix.widget import Widget # adds widget for each of the classes

from kivy.uix.dropdown import DropDown # adds dropdown widgets

from kivy.graphics import Color, Ellipse, Rectangle # adds color to the circle

from kivy.graphics.texture import Texture #used for OpenCV image data

from kivy.core.window import Window # Sets the background color for app

from kivy.uix.camera import Camera #Kivy's built-in Camera widget

from kivy.uix.popup import Popup #For dialog window for popups when needed

from kivy.uix.image import Image #Widgets for displaying selected images

from kivy.properties import NumericProperty, StringProperty # control text values

from kivy.utils import get_color_from_hex # color translating from hex to rgba

from plyer import filechooser #From plyer library for image selection

from PIL import Image as PILImage #Python Image Library

from PIL import ImageDraw, ImageFont #Python Image Library

from kivy.clock import Clock #Used to capture frames form OpenCV Camera

import os #Python module for operating system interactions

import numpy as np #Used for handling image data from OpenCV's numpy arrays

from kivy.utils import platform

if platform == "android":

from android.permissions import request_permissions, Permission

request_permissions([Permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE, Permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE, Permission.CAMERA, Permission.INTERNET])

class CameraPage(Screen):

def __init__(self, **kwargs):

super(CameraPage, self).__init__(**kwargs)

self.cap = None # OpenCV VideoCapture

self.image_cache = None

self.frame_event = None

self.current_frame = None # Captures the current frame

# Start OpenCV camera when user is in the camera page

def on_enter(self, *args):

self.start_opencv_camera()

# Stop OpenCV camera when user exits the camera page

def on_leave(self, *args):

if self.cap:

self.cap.release() # Release the camera

print("Camera has been released.")

if self.frame_event:

self.frame_event.cancel() # Cancel frame update

# Start OpenCV camera

def start_opencv_camera(self):

camera_indices = [0, 1, 2] # List of indices to try for camera

self.cap = None # Initialize VideoCapture as None

# Try opening cameras in the order specified in the list

for index in camera_indices:

self.cap = cv2.VideoCapture(index)

if self.cap.isOpened():

print(f"OpenCV camera started on index {index}.")

break # If successful, exit the loop

else:

print(f"Error: Could not open OpenCV camera at index {index}. Trying next index.")

# If camera still isn't opened, log the error

if not self.cap or not self.cap.isOpened():

print("Error: Could not open any OpenCV camera.")

else:

# Schedule the update of camera frames by 30 FPS

self.frame_event = Clock.schedule_interval(self.update_camera_feed, 1.0 / 30.0)

# Update the Image widget with the camera feed

def update_camera_feed(self, dt):

if self.cap:

ret, frame = self.cap.read()

if ret:

self.current_frame = frame # Store the current frame

# Convert BGR frame to RGB

buf = cv2.flip(frame, 0).tobytes()

texture = Texture.create(size=(frame.shape[1], frame.shape[0]), colorfmt='bgr')

texture.blit_buffer(buf, colorfmt='bgr', bufferfmt='ubyte')

self.ids.camera_feed.texture = texture

# Capture image using the current frame from OpenCV

def capture_opencv_image(self):

if self.current_frame is not None:

# Convert OpenCV frame (BGR) to PIL Image (RGB)

pil_image = PILImage.fromarray(cv2.cvtColor(self.current_frame, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB))

# Save to cache directory

cache_dir = './image_cache'

if not os.path.exists(cache_dir):

os.mkdir(cache_dir)

cached_image_path = os.path.join(cache_dir, 'captured_image.png')

pil_image.save(cached_image_path)

self.image_cache = cached_image_path

print(f"Image captured and cached at: {cached_image_path}")

else:

print("Error: No frame available to capture")

# Function that opens gallery works for windows and should work for android

def open_gallery(self, *args):

# Opens the file chooser to select images

filechooser.open_file(on_selection=self.display_image)

# Display the selected image in a popup

def display_image(self, selection):

if selection:

# Cache for the selected image

self.image_cache = selection[0]

# Create/open popup

image_popup = ImagePopup()

image_popup.ids.img.source = self.image_cache

image_popup.open()

# Cache the selected image

def cache_image(self, instance):

# Checks if cache location exists

if self.image_cache:

cache_dir = './image_cache' # Cache directory

if not os.path.exists(cache_dir):

os.mkdir(cache_dir) # Create cache location if does not existing

# Select a location/path for the cached image

cached_image_path = os.path.join(cache_dir, 'cached_image.png')

try:

with open(self.image_cache, 'rb') as source_file:

with open(cached_image_path, 'wb') as dest_file:

dest_file.write(source_file.read())

print(f"Image cached at: {cached_image_path}")

except Exception as e:

print(f"Error caching the image: {e}")

else:

print("Error: No image selected for caching")


**
файл kivy:
**
#:kivy 1.0

ScreenManager:

FrontPage:

SettingsPage:

CameraPage:

ManualPage:

:

name: 'front_page'

FloatLayout:

#size: root.width - 200, root.height - 200

#pos: 100, 100

orientation: 'vertical'

Label:

text: 'Block Lens'

font_size: 50

pos_hint: {'center_y': 0.7}

# Will add font style to the title

RoundedButton:

text: 'Go to settings page'

on_press: app.root.current = 'settings_page'

#shrinks the button and adjust the button based on x axis and y axis

pos_hint: {'center_x': 0.2, 'center_y': 0.5}

size: 200, 200

RoundedButton:

text: 'Go to camera page'

on_press: app.root.current = 'camera_page'

#shrinks the button

pos_hint: {'center_x': 0.8, 'center_y': 0.5}

size: 200, 200

RoundedButton:

text: 'Go to manual page'

on_press: app.root.current = 'manual_page'

#shrinks the button

pos_hint: {'center_x': 0.5, 'center_y': 0.3}

size: 200, 200

:

name: 'settings_page'

# TOP LAYOUT SET UP - BACK BUTTON AND SETTINGS BANNER

BoxLayout:

orientation: 'vertical'

# SETTING LAYOUT

FloatLayout:

size_hint_y: None

height: '50dp'

# BACK BUTTON LAYOUT

Button:

id: back_button

text: 'Back'

background_color: app.get_color("Text Color") # White background for button

color: app.get_color("Border Color") #black text for button

border: app.get_color("Border Color")

size_hint: None, None

size: '50dp', '30dp'

pos_hint: {"x": 0, "top": 1}

on_release: app.root.current = 'front_page'

# LABEL

Label:

id: settings_label

text: 'Settings'

font_size: app.text_size_labels

color: app.get_color("Text Color")

size_hint_y: None

height: '25dp'

pos_hint: {"center_x": 0.5, "top": 0.8}

# SCROLL SETTINGS SETUP

ScrollView:

id: scroll_view

do_scroll_x: False

canvas.before:

Color:

rgba: app.get_color("Background Color")

Rectangle:

pos: self.pos

size: self.size

# SETTING UP SCROLLABLE AREA

BoxLayout:

id: settings_container

orientation: 'vertical'

size_hint_y: None

height: self.minimum_height

# SETTINGS WIDGETS HERE

# Text Settings

BoxLayout:

orientation: 'horizontal'

size_hint_y: None

height: '40dp'

Label:

text: "Text Size"

font_size: app.text_size_default_font

color: app.get_color("Text Color")

size_hint_y: None

size_hint_x: 0.4

height: '40dp'

Button:

id: text_size_small

text: "Small"

font_size: app.text_size_default_font

background_color: app.get_color("Non-Selected Color") if self.text != app.text_size_default_font else app.get_color("Selected Box Color")

color: app.get_color("Text Color")

size_hint_x: 0.2

on_release: app.set_font_size('Small')

Button:

id: text_size_default

text: "Default"

font_size: app.text_size_default_font

background_color: app.get_color("Non-Selected Color") if self.text != app.text_size_default_font else app.get_color("Selected Box Color")

color: app.get_color("Text Color")

size_hint_x: 0.2

on_release: app.set_font_size('Default')

Button:

id: text_size_large

text: "Large"

font_size: app.text_size_default_font

font_size: app.text_size_default_font

background_color: app.get_color("Non-Selected Color") if self.text != app.text_size_default_font else app.get_color("Selected Box Color")

color: app.get_color("Text Color")

size_hint_x: 0.2

on_release: app.set_font_size('Large')

#COLORBLIND WIDGET HERE

BoxLayout:

orientation: 'horizontal'

size_hint_y: None

height: '40dp'

Label:

text: "Color Blind Mode"

font_size: app.text_size_default_font

color: app.get_color("Text Color")

size_hint_y: None

height: '40dp'

Button:

id: color_blind_button

text: 'Default'

font_size: app.text_size_default_font

background_color: app.get_color("Non-Selected Color")

color: app.get_color("Text Color")

size_hint_y: None

height: '40dp'

Label:

text: "Summary Text-To-Speech"

font_size: app.text_size_default_font

color: app.get_color("Text Color")

size_hint_y: None

height: '40dp'

Label:

text: 'About Us'

font_size: app.text_size_labels

color: app.get_color("Text Color")

size_hint_y: None

height: '25dp'

pos_hint: {"center_x": 0.5, "top": 1}

Label:

text: root.about_us_text

font_size: app.text_size_default_font

color: app.get_color("Text Color")

size_hint_y: None

text_size: self.width, None

halign: 'left'

valign: 'top'

height: self.texture_size[1]

:

name: 'camera_page'

FloatLayout:

Image:

id: camera_feed

size_hint: (1, 0.8)

pos_hint: {'x': 0, 'top': 1}

Button:

text: 'Capture'

size_hint: (0.3, 0.1)

pos_hint: {'center_x': 0.5, 'y': 0.2}

on_press: root.capture_opencv_image()

BoxLayout:

orientation: 'horizontal'

size_hint_y: None

height: '50dp'

pos_hint: {'bottom': 1}

Button:

text: 'Go to front page'

on_press: app.root.current = 'front_page'

Button:

text: 'Gallery'

on_press: root.open_gallery()

:

name: 'manual_page'

BoxLayout:

orientation: 'vertical'

Label:

text: 'Welcome to the manual page'

font_size: 20

Button:

text: 'Go to front page'

on_press: app.root.current = 'front_page'


**
Код ошибки из logcat:
**
V onWindowFocusChanged(): false
2024-12-02 01:36:12.928 10575-10575 SDL org.test.myapp V nativeFocusChanged()
2024-12-02 01:36:13.256 586-610 WindowManager system_server V Sent Transition (#180) createdAt=12-02 01:36:12.833 via request=TransitionRequestInfo { type = OPEN, triggerTask = TaskInfo{userId=0 taskId=45 displayId=0 isRunning=true baseIntent=Intent { act=android.intent.action.MAIN cat=[android.intent.category.LAUNCHER] flg=0x10200000 cmp=org.test.myapp/org.kivy.android.PythonActivity } baseActivity=ComponentInfo{org.test.myapp/org.kivy.android.PythonActivity} topActivity=ComponentInfo{com.google.android.permissioncontroller/com.android.permissioncontroller.permission.ui.GrantPermissionsActivity} origActivity=null realActivity=ComponentInfo{org.test.myapp/org.kivy.android.PythonActivity} numActivities=2 lastActiveTime=17100318 supportsMultiWindow=true resizeMode=1 isResizeable=true minWidth=-1 minHeight=-1 defaultMinSize=220 token=WCT{RemoteToken{24afd65 Task{4cf9d18 #45 type=standard A=10242:org.test.myapp}}} topActivityType=1 pictureInPictureParams=null shouldDockBigOverlays=false launchIntoPipHostTaskId=-1 lastParentTaskIdBeforePip=-1 displayCutoutSafeInsets=null topActivityInfo=ActivityInfo{cd97023 com.android.permissioncontroller.permission.ui.GrantPermissionsActivity} launchCookies=[android.os.BinderProxy@4f6c6eb] positionInParent=Point(0, 0) parentTaskId=-1 isFocused=true isVisible=true isVisibleRequested=true isSleeping=false locusId=null displayAreaFeatureId=1 isTopActivityTransparent=true appCompatTaskInfo=AppCompatTaskInfo { topActivityInSizeCompat=false topActivityEligibleForLetterboxEducation= falseisLetterboxEducationEnabled= true isLetterboxDoubleTapEnabled= false topActivityEligibleForUserAspectRatioButton= false topActivityBoundsLetterboxed= false isFromLetterboxDoubleTap= false topActivityLetterboxVerticalPosition= -1 topActivityLetterboxHorizontalPosition= -1 topActivityLetterboxWidth=1080 topActivityLetterboxHeight=2400 isUserFullscreenOverrideEnabled=false isSystemFullscreenOverrideEnabled=false cameraCompatTaskInfo=CameraCompatTaskInfo { cameraCompatControlState=hidden freeformCameraCompatMode=inactive}}}, pipTask = null, remoteTransition = null, displayChange = null, flags = 0, debugId = 180 }
2024-12-02 01:36:13.397 10575-10575 PythonActivity org.test.myapp V onRequestPermissionsResult()
2024-12-02 01:36:13.398 10575-10575 PythonActivity org.test.myapp V onRequestPermissionsResult passed to callback
2024-12-02 01:36:13.433 10575-10575 PythonActivity org.test.myapp V onResume()
2024-12-02 01:36:13.433 10575-10575 SDL org.test.myapp V onResume()
2024-12-02 01:36:13.449 10575-10599 python org.test.myapp I [WARNING] [Base ] Unknown provider
2024-12-02 01:36:13.452 10575-10599 python org.test.myapp I [INFO ] [Base ] Start application main loop
2024-12-02 01:36:13.502 10575-10575 SDL org.test.myapp V onWindowFocusChanged(): true
2024-12-02 01:36:13.504 10575-10575 SDL org.test.myapp V nativeFocusChanged()
2024-12-02 01:36:13.618 586-716 ImeTracker system_server I org.test.myapp:e80cb21b: onRequestHide at ORIGIN_SERVER reason HIDE_SAME_WINDOW_FOCUSED_WITHOUT_EDITOR fromUser false
2024-12-02 01:36:13.618 586-716 ImeTracker system_server I org.test.myapp:e80cb21b: onCancelled at PHASE_SERVER_SHOULD_HIDE
2024-12-02 01:36:13.626 10575-10599 python org.test.myapp I [INFO ] [GL ] NPOT texture support is available
2024-12-02 01:36:13.626 1273-1273 GoogleInpu...hodService com...gle.android.inputmethod.latin I GoogleInputMethodService.onStartInput():1899 onStartInput(EditorInfo{EditorInfo{packageName=org.test.myapp, inputType=0, inputTypeString=NULL, enableLearning=false, autoCorrection=false, autoComplete=false, imeOptions=0, privateImeOptions=null, actionName=UNSPECIFIED, actionLabel=null, initialSelStart=-1, initialSelEnd=-1, initialCapsMode=0, label=null, fieldId=0, fieldName=null, extras=null, hintText=null, hintLocales=[]}}, false)
2024-12-02 01:36:13.631 586-1918 PackageConfigPersister system_server W App-specific configuration not found for packageName: org.test.myapp and userId: 0
2024-12-02 01:36:20.387 10575-10599 python org.test.myapp I Error: Could not open OpenCV camera at index -1. Trying next index.
2024-12-02 01:36:20.387 10575-10599 python org.test.myapp I Error: Could not open OpenCV camera at index 0. Trying next index.
2024-12-02 01:36:20.387 10575-10599 python org.test.myapp I Error: Could not open OpenCV camera at index 1. Trying next index.
2024-12-02 01:36:20.387 10575-10599 python org.test.myapp I Error: Could not open OpenCV camera at index 2. Trying next index.
2024-12-02 01:36:20.388 10575-10599 python org.test.myapp I Error: Could not open any OpenCV camera.
2024-12-02 01:36:21.097 10575-10599 python org.test.myapp I Error: No frame available to capture
2024-12-02 01:36:21.123 10575-10599 EGL_emulation org.test.myapp D app_time_stats: avg=468.48ms min=4.96ms max=5895.82ms count=15
2024-12-02 01:36:22.445 10575-10599 EGL_emulation org.test.myapp D app_time_stats: avg=660.67ms min=67.26ms max=1254.09ms count=2
2024-12-02 01:36:22.863 10575-10599 python org.test.myapp I Camera has been released.
2024-12-02 01:36:23.909 10575-10599 EGL_emulation org.test.myapp D app_time_stats: avg=125.97ms min=5.73ms max=997.70ms count=11
2024-12-02 01:36:24.960 10575-10599 EGL_emulation org.test.myapp D app_time_stats: avg=28.44ms min=5.08ms max=110.71ms count=29


Подробнее здесь: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/792 ... n-kivy-app